RYA 大洋级游艇船长 Yachtmaster Ocean Shorebased

课程目标 Aim

RYA 大洋级游艇船长岸基理论课程旨在帮助您掌握“天文导航”的艺术，学习规划远洋航行的关键概念。这是一门为远洋蓝水航行者、即将跨越大洋的航海者、超艇高级船员、以及计划在距离安全港150海里以外作业的商业游艇船长而设的进阶导航课程。RYA 大洋级游艇船长岸基理论课程也是申请RYA/MCA 大洋级游艇船长资质证书的重要步骤，并且是申请MCA 200总吨级船长/OOW 500（无限航区）和大副（3000总吨以下）等证书的强制性要求。
The RYA Yachtmaster Ocean Shorebased theory course will help you learn the art of “Astro Navigation” and the key concepts of planning Ocean Voyages. This is an advanced navigation course aimed at Blue Water sailors, anyone crossing the  Ocean, Super Yacht Deck Officers and Commercial Yacht Skippers planning on operating more than 150NM from a safe haven. The RYA/MCA Ocean Yachtmaster Shorebased Course is also a stepping stone to the RYA/MCA Ocean Yachtmaster Certificate of Competence and a mandatory certificate for the MCA Master 200/OOW 500 (unrestricted) and Chief Mate (less than 3000 tonnes) qualifications.

对于休闲航海者来说，这门课程是RYA巡航体系中最高级的课程之一，将赋予您更深的知识和技能，安全航行至世界上一些最令人向往的蓝水目的地。而对于已持有RYA离岸级游艇船长资质证书或MCA 200总吨级船长（有限航区）证书的商业航海者来说，成为大洋级游艇船长资格证书持证人意味着您将解除距安全港150海里以内作业的限制。RYA大洋级游艇船长岸基理论课程，是迈向完整RYA大洋级游艇船长认证之路的重要一步。
For leisure sailors this is the most advanced course in the RYA cruising scheme and will give you more knowledge to sail safely to some of the world’s most stunning blue water destinations. For commercial sailors who already hold the Yachtmaster Offshore Certificate of Competence and/or Master 200 (restricted) CoC, becoming a Yachtmaster Ocean CoC, “removes the 150-mile from a safe haven” restriction you currently have. The RYA/MCA Yachtmaster Ocean shorebased course is a step towards the full RYA/MCA Ocean Yachtmaster.

课程时长 Duration

• 面授课程：为期5天 Classroom – 5 days 
• 夜校课程：1个周末 + 8个平日晚间 Classroom Night school – 1 weekend plus 8 evenings
• 网课：共计约40至50小时，可根据个人时间安排灵活完成 Online, – 40 to 50 hrs in your own time

前置要求 Pre-Requisites

学员应已具备相当于RYA离岸级游艇船长岸基理论课程水平的导航、航行计划和气象知识，并应有一定的实际航海经验，能够将上述知识应用于实践。
Candidates should have navigation, passage planning and meteorology knowledge up to RYA Yachtmaster Offshore Shorebased level and some practical experience of putting this knowledge into practice.

课程内容 Course content

本课程内容涵盖天文导航、全球气象学和远洋航行计划。大部分时间将用于深入学习六分仪的使用方法、校正方式，以及如何借助太阳、月亮和星星来计算船位。以下为课程详细内容：
The course covers celestial navigation, worldwide meteorology and passage planning. The majority of the course is spent developing an understanding of how to use the sextant, how to apply corrections and how to then calculate your position using the sun, moon, stars and planets. A more detailed syllabus follows:

天体与地球关系 The earth and the celestial sphere

• 地球与天球的基础概念、观测者天顶与天体位置的定义（纬度、经度、格林威治小时角、赤纬） Definition of observer’s zenith and position of a heavenly body in terms of latitude, longitude, GHA and declination
• 直角关系，纬度与余纬、赤纬与极距 Right angle relationships, latitude and co-lat, declination and polar distance
• 格林威治小时角、经度与地方时角之间的关系 Relationship between GHA, longitude and LHA
• 航海天文历中赤纬的查表 Tabulation of declination in the nautical almanac
• 时角随时间变化的速率 Rate of increase of hour angle with time

PZX三角形 The PZX triangle

• 查表部分：地方时角、余纬、极距 The tabulated components of the triangle, LHA, co-lat and polar distance
• 可计算部分：天顶距离、方位角 The calculable components, zenith distance and azimuth
• 天顶距离与天体高度的关系 Relationship between zenith distance and altitude
• 使用《航空导航表》进行三角解法的介绍，及基本观测表填写 Introduction to the tabular method of solution in the Air Navigation Tables and the basic sight form
• 使用计算器解PZX三角形 The use of calculators for the solution of the PZX triangle

六分仪 The sextant

• 实际操作与海上使用和保养指南 Practical guide to the use and care of a sextant at sea
• 从六分仪读数转换为真实高度 Conversion of sextant altitude to true altitude
• 海平面折光修正、指标误差、视差、折射修正 Application of dip, index error and refraction
• 侧误差、垂直度、指标误差、同轴误差的校正 Correction of side error, perpendicularity, index error and collimation error

时间测量 Measurement of time

• 协调世界时、地方平太阳时、标准时间、时区时间的定义与关系 Definition of, and relationship between, UT, LMT, standard time and zone time
• 天文钟与手表的校时与误差控制 Rating of chronometers and watches

中天高度 Meridian altitudes

• 中天高度的预报与时间预测 Forecasting the time of meridian altitude
• 中天高度的观测与计算 Reduction of meridian altitude sights

天体观测：太阳、恒星及其他 Sun, star and other sights

• 使用航空导航表计算并绘图 Reduction and plotting of sun sights using Air Navigation Tables
• 了解使用计算器进行观测计算的基本方法 Awareness of the use of calculators for sight reduction
• 移动定位法中天高度的绘图方法 The plotting of sun-run-sun meridian altitude
• 恒星、月亮与行星观测的计算与绘图基础认识 Awareness of the reduction and plotting of sights obtained from stars, the moon, and planets

罗经校正 Compass checking

• 使用幅度表和方位表或计算器进行罗经误差检测 Use of amplitude and azimuth table systems and/or calculators

卫星导航系统 Satellite Navigation Systems

• 各类卫星导航系统的原理与局限性 Principles and limitations of the use of all systems

大圆航行 Great circle sailing

• 大圆航线与等向航线的比较 Comparison of rhumb lines and great circles
• 顶点、复合航线 Vertices and composite tracks
• 使用测地投影图与墨卡托投影图进行大圆航线近似分段计算 The computation of a series of rhumb lines approximating to a great circle by use of gnomonic and Mercator projections

气象学 Meteorology

• 全球海洋上的一般气压分布与主要风系 General pressure distribution and prevailing winds over the oceans of the world
• 热带气旋的季节性出现与观测预报方法 Tropical revolving storms, seasonal occurrence and forecasting by observation

航行计划 Passage planning

• 航线设计辅助出版物（如航线图、世界远洋航线指南等）Publications available to assist with planning of long passages (routeing charts, ocean passages of the world and other publications)
• 远洋准备：包括救生设备、食物储备、水与燃料管理、防磨保护、备件与维护 Preparation for ocean passage, including survival equipment, victualling, water and fuel management, chafe protection, spares and maintenance

航行管理 Passage making

• 导航日常操作 Navigational routine
• 值班安排 Watchkeeping
• 船员管理 Crew management

通信 Communications

• 卫星与地面系统 Satellite and terrestrial systems
• 天气信息 Weather information

对于参加教室课程的学员，我们将提供所有所需的表、六分仪及工具。在课程中还将安排完成RYA大洋级游艇船长资格考试所需的笔试部分。
For the classroom course, we provide all the tables, sextants and other tools for this course. During the week, we will also cover the written exam required as a prerequisite for the RYA Ocean Yachtmaster oral exam.

课程包含 include

教室授课 OCEAN YACHTMASTER CLASSROOM-BASED OPTION

• 使用我们提供的六分仪、航线图及相关出版物 Use of our sextants, routing charts and publications
• 课程练习册 RYA Ocean Shorebased Exercise book
• 课程航海天文历 RYA Ocean Shorebased Nautical Almanac
• 课程天体高度方位表 RYA Ocean Shorebased Sight Reduction Tables
• RYA大洋级游艇船长岸基理论考试 RYA Yachtmaster Ocean Shorebased certificate
• RYA大洋级游艇船长岸基理论结业证书 RYA Yachtmaster Ocean Shorebased written exam

网课 OCEAN YACHTMASTER ONLINE COURSE OPTION

• 岸基理论课学生用表 RYA Ocean Shorebased Student Tables
• RYA大洋级游艇船长岸基理论结业证书 RYA Yachtmaster Ocean Shorebased Certificate
• 英国境内邮寄服务 UK Postage
• 电子邮件答疑 Email support 
• RYA大洋级游艇船长岸基理论笔试考试（部分考生需安排监考）RYA Yachtmaster Ocean Shorebased written exam(some candidates will need to be invigilated)